argument, argumentation, debate -- (a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal; "the argument over foreign aid goes on and on")
debate, disputation, public debate -- (the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote))
Overview of verb debate
The verb debate has 4 senses
debate -- (argue with one another; "We debated the question of abortion"; "John debated Mary")
consider, debate, moot, turn over, deliberate -- (think about carefully; weigh; "They considered the possibility of a strike"; "Turn the proposal over in your mind")
debate, deliberate -- (discuss the pros and cons of an issue)